Transforming Ionene Polymers into Efficient Cathode Interlayers with Pendent Fullerenes

Insights into the working mechanism of cathode interlayers in polymer solar cells via [(C8H17)4N]4[SiW12O40]

A low-cost (<$1 per g), high-yield (>90%), alcohol soluble surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalate complex [(C8H17)4N]4[SiW12O40] has been synthesized and utilized as a cathode interlayer (CIL) in polymer solar cells (PSCs). A power conversion efficiency of 10.1% can be obtained for PSCs based on PTB7-Th (poly[[2,60-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b;3,3-b]-dithiophene][3-fluoro-2[(2-ethylh...

Photo-Crosslinking of Pendent Uracil Units Provides Supramolecular Hole Injection/Transport Conducting Polymers for Highly Efficient Light-Emitting Diodes

A new process for modifying a polymeric material for use as a hole injection transport layer in organic light-emitting diodes has been studied, which is through 2π + 2π photodimerization of a DNA-mimetic π-conjugated poly(triphenylamine-carbazole) presenting pendent uracil groups (PTC-U) under 1 h of UV irradiation. Multilayer florescence OLED (Organic light-emitting diodes) device with the PTC...

An Efficient Algorithm for Transforming XML Schema into Relational Schema

The Web and XML have influenced all walks of life especially those that involve business activities over the Internet. People like to do their business activities and transactions from their homes to save time and money. Many business and commercial companies such as insurance companies and banks maintain their records using relational database management systems. But the traditional relational...

Transforming surface coordination polymers into covalent surface polymers: linked polycondensed aromatics through oligomerization of N-heterocyclic carbene intermediates.

Efficient Turing-Universal Computation with DNA Polymers

Bennett’s proposed chemical Turing machine is one of the most important thought experiments in the study of the thermodynamics of computation. Yet the sophistication of molecular engineering required to physically construct Bennett’s hypothetical polymer substrate and enzyme has deterred experimental implementations. Here we propose a chemical implementation of stack machines — a Turing-univers...